What is Applied Research in Graphic Design?
Applied research in any field is scientific study with the intent to solve real, everyday problems.
In graphic design, this takes place in the graphic design firms and other commercial institutions. Graphic design is filled with practitioners that take on day-to-day challenges of modern graphic design.
The realities of the current marketplace and commercial landscape dictate the methods, tools and “final product” of modern designers, and any necessary research that comes along with it.
What is Basic or Theoretical Research in Graphic Design
Basic research in any field is study that is intended to fully understand the fundamentals and axiomatic facts of a subject area.
This research is then used as building blocks for more advanced research or the development of more advanced theories.
In graphic design, basic research covers things such as color theory and composition theory, and serves to provide solutions to theoretical problems, i.e. not necessarily current graphic design project requirements in the marketplace.
Practical Sources for Basic and Applied Research
In this context, fundamental, theoretical or “basic” research is often neglected, ignored or simply unnecessary, as the realities of a modern workplace make it infeasible to practice it (or teach it to the junior staff members).
Formal educational institutions, therefore, are the only practical source for this basic research and theory.
On the other side of the fence is applied research, i.e. real-life projects, problems and solutions that present themselves in a market economy. As technology propels and changes ever faster, this real life research is ever evolving as well.
Therefore, due to the ever expanding needs to the graphic design economy, commercial institutions are the only practical source for applied research.
As Professor Michael Kroeger says, “It is the charge of industry to supply the next generation of students (future designers) with the applied research in the field. The commercial designers are better equipped and funded to supply this end of the students’ education…. The education community can supply only part of the education needs of todays students. With ever increasing technology needs not being met at the university, the students must rely on internships and job opportunities supplied by the design industry.”
Importance of Basic Research and Graphic Design Theory
The above statements may serve to persuade the reader that, given the lack of basic research in “real-life” environments, that it is unnecessary or purely academic. This is not true. Theory provides a framework of thought, and that framework can enhance and support practical applications.
Furthermore, basic research in graphic design spans back centuries, and losing that accumulated wisdom can set back efforts tremendously. There is a reason for the common saying, “Don’t re-invent the wheel”.
Lastly, the stresses and deadlines of a profession make it nearly impossible to contemplate or play within theoretical frameworks. However, making room for this type of exercise is the key to knowledge expansion and will make for a more complete and competent professional.